| The Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily. It signals through 2 separate receptors - TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B, both members of the TNF receptor superfamily. Activation by the homotrimeric ligand results in receptor trimerization. TNFRSF1A trimers result in the activation of NF-kB through MAPK and caspase pathways leading to apoptosis, whereas a heterocomplex of both TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B recruits proteins such as BIRC2 and BIRC3, which are apoptotic inhibitors. As both TNF alpha and IL-1 stimulate the MAPK signaling module and activate NFkB, they are synergistic and complement each other's activity. |
| Pathway Statistics |
| Molecules Involved | 189 |
| Physical Interactions | 250 |
| Enzyme Catalysis | 73 |
| Transport | 3 |
| Genes Transcriptionally Regulated | 890 |
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